LINGUOCULTURAL PROBLEMS OF TRANSLATION OF TIME DESIGNATIONS: FUNCTIONAL ASPECT

Abstract. Over time, reality is constantly evolving. This is mostly about time: what people of previous generations were doing at one particular moment of the day, we are now doing at another one. Today we don’t always agree on the times of our, for example, meals. Some of us have dinner at eight, while others have supper at five. It wasn’t always that way. This is a natural process that, without doubt, affects linguistics. Modern translators face difficulties, looking for all possible ways to adapt time and actions that take place at this time to the modern society. With the development of translation practice, translators have an opinion that a full translation of such a phenomenon is impossible. Each language contains a unique picture of the world that determines the worldview of the native speakers and constantly develops. The peculiarities of each language affect the peculiarities of the mindset of native speakers, and as a result of this, it is difficult for a translation to convey the original idea in any case (for instance, I wonder how can an English-to-Russian translator explain the meaning of the word ‘brunch’ to a person who doesn’t even know English). It depends not only on the specificity of the language in general, but also on the characteristics of the culture of an exact individual such as his origin or society surrounding him. Humans, who belong to different classes, won’t be able to understand daily routines of each other; however, the correct translation ought to handle with similar misunderstandings. These factors make the translation of time categories complicated and that is the main idea of this article.

Keywords: translation, picture of the world, time designations