TEACHABILITY AND COMPREHENSION OF DIATOPIC PHRASEOLOGICAL VARIETY IN CASTILIAN AND LATIN AMERICAN SPANISH

In this paper are given the peculiarities of phraseological units in Castilian and Latin American Spanish, which represent national variants of culture norms and traditions. Each continent and country has its own linguistic preferences when it comes to forming fixed and idiomatic combinations, giving rise to the wellknown expressions of restricted use in a specific country or region. Fixation is considered an essential property of phraseological units and not all units are absolutely invariable in all contexts, there are different degrees and types of variation. In the creation of variants, linguistic phenomena of a diatopic and diastatic character that give rise to an immense wealth of phraseological diversity spread throughout all Spanish-speaking countries. The diatopic variety of phraseology in the Spanish-speaking world highlights the richness and diversity of Spanish language. Phraseological variation is a broad term in which both variants and modifications coexist. A modification places us in front of similar phraseological units in their composition and they have the characteristic of manipulation and intentionality of the speaker, frequently through irony, to achieve an effect, a slightly different meaning, or diametrically opposite, or with different connotations from the usual ones. The diversity of Spanish spoken in different Spanish-speaking countries is appreciated fundamentally in the field of lexicon, referring to simple forms and offering examples of these almost exclusively. This lexical diversity is due, to a great extent, to the indigenous languages of each region and their coexistence with Spanish. Speaking particularly of the phraseology of the countries that share Spanish, the history, literature, folklore and culture of each country have had an essential mark. The diversity, richness and expressiveness of the phraseology used by the different Spanish-speaking communities is illustrated in this paper.

The current article discusses metaphors of everyday life, shows examples of diatopic variations and the preferences of each community, so that the expression is fixed in the discourse. The richness that phraseological diversity brings to Spanish language the fundamental reason to consider these contents in teaching Spanish as a foreign language, since the idiomatic discourse is loaded with expressiveness and linguistic creativity, with popular knowledge, history and tradition. Given its geographical extension, Spanish today presents an important phraseological variation. Teaching of phraseology is a content that can be brought to Spanish learning classroom all over the world, and especially in the United States, due to its proximity to Hispanic countries.

Keywords: fixation, phraseological variety, diatopic variation, context, locutions